HSDB 401
HSDB 401 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Barium nitrate |
| Synonyms | UN1446 HSDB 401 CCRIS 4140 Nitrobarite Nitrato barico Barium nitrate dusicnanbarnaty Barium dinitrate Dusicnan barnaty Nitrate de baryum bariumnitrate(asba) bariumsaltofnitricacid bariumnitrate(ba(no3)2) Nitrato barico [Spanish] Dusicnan barnaty [Czech] Nitric acid, barium salt Barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2) barium(+2) cation nitrate Nitrate de baryum [French] Barium nitrate, reagent grade, ACS Barium nitrate [UN1446] [Oxidizer] |
| CAS | 10022-31-8 |
| EINECS | 233-020-5 |
| InChI | InChI=1/Ba.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1 |
| InChIKey | IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
HSDB 401 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | BaN2O6 |
| Molar Mass | 261.34 |
| Density | 3.23 |
| Melting Point | 592°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | 9 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | 94g/l |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Specific Gravity | 3.24 |
| Color | White |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 0.5 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 50 mg/m3; TWA 0.5 mg/m3 |
| Solubility Product Constant(Ksp) | pKsp: 2.33 |
| Merck | 14,983 |
| PH | 5.0-8.0 (50g/l, H2O, 25℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Strong oxidizer - contact with combustible material may lead to fire. Incompatible with combustible material, reducing agents, acids, acid anhydrides. Moisture sensitive. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | traits colorless or white cubic crystals.
|
| Use | For the manufacture of fireworks, fireworks, green fireworks, green signal flares, military ammunition, Analytical reagents, tracer, optical glass, ceramic uranium medicine, low-temperature salt bath, barium salt raw materials. |
HSDB 401 - Upstream Downstream Industry
HSDB 401 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless crystals or crystalline powders. The melting point was about 592 °c, d. 24. Soluble in water, concentrated sulfuric acid, insoluble in alcohol, acetone, concentrated nitric acid. When combustible materials are on fire, they can contribute to the fire. Mixing with organics, reducing agents, combustible materials such as sulfur, phosphorus or metal powders, etc., can form explosive mixtures. At higher temperatures can be decomposed, combustion decomposition, release of toxic nitrogen oxides.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
HSDB 401 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
prepared by the interaction of nitric acid with barium carbonate, barium oxide or barium hydroxide.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
HSDB 401 - Application
Open Data Verified Data
Analytical reagents. For the qualitative analysis of sulfuric acid, chromic acid. It can also be used for the synthesis of oxidants, barium salts and the manufacture of fireworks.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
HSDB 401 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
toxic; ICR mice were injected intravenously with LDso: 20.10 mg/kg (Ba2). Ingestion can cause poisoning, severe poisoning, progressive muscle paralysis, heart rhythm disorders, lower blood pressure, serum potassium decreased significantly. Inhalation of a large number of this product dust can also cause poisoning, but the digestive tract reaction is lighter. Staff should be protected and the workplace should be well ventilated. If the skin and eyes are touched, wash with running water immediately. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. It should be stored separately from easy (possibly) combustible substances, reducing agents, acids, alkalis and edible chemicals, and mixed storage should not be avoided.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
HSDB 401 - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| overview | barium nitrate, white or colorless cubic columnar crystal, soluble in water, slightly soluble in acid, insoluble in ethanol. Heat to release oxygen. Contact, friction or impact with organic matter can cause combustion and explosion, and is toxic. However, it is an important barium salt, which is widely used in the manufacture of fireworks materials, optical glass, pottery glaze, explosives, green signal bombs, tracer bombs and other products. At the same time, it is also used in the fields of anti-corrosion, medicine and low-temperature salt bath of metal heat treatment. Based on its good solubility in water, it is also the main raw material for preparing other barium salts, barium oxide and barium peroxide. |
| preparation method | 1. using barium carbonate as raw material and adding nitric acid to prepare crude barium nitrate solution. after filtering, the solution is concentrated, cooled and crystallized, washed and dried to prepare. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: BaSO4 +2HNO3 → Ba(NO3)2 + H2SO42. Barium sulfate (barite) is used as raw material, reduced and roasted together with charcoal to obtain barium sulfide, and then react with nitric acid to obtain barium sulfide. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: BaSO4 + 2C → BaS + 2CO2BaS +2HNO3 → Ba(NO3)2 + H2S3. Add sodium nitrate hot solution to barium chloride solution. After cooling, barium nitrate crystallizes first, and then recrystallizes and refines. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: BaCl2 2NaNO3 → Ba(NO3)2 NaCl4. Barium sulfate can also be made by reacting with sodium nitrate. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: BaSO4 + NaNO3 → Ba(NO3)2 + Na2SO45. Using barium sulfide and ammonium nitrate as raw materials, barium nitrate is prepared by metathesis reaction. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: BaS +2NH4NO3 → Ba(NO3)2 +(NH4)2S(NH4)2S → 2NH3 ↑ + H2S ↑ The specific experimental steps are: leaching barium sulfide black ash with hot water in a stirred beaker to prepare barium sulfide solution and store it for the next test. Take 750ml of barium sulfide solution and add it to a triangular flask with stirring. 30% sodium hydroxide solution and dilute sulfuric acid are added to the gas absorption bottle respectively. Put the triangular flask reactor into the oil bath to raise the temperature, until the solution rises above 50 ℃, turn on the vacuum pump to maintain a certain negative pressure of the system, and add ammonium nitrate to the reactor at the same time. React for about 1h, filter the reaction liquid to remove impurities, then concentrate, cool and crystallize, and filter to obtain barium nitrate product; the mother liquor returns to reuse. NH3 and H2S gas are absorbed by sodium hydroxide and dilute sulfuric acid to prepare by-products sodium sulfide and ammonium sulfate respectively. The process flow is shown in Figure 1. Fig. 1 is a schematic process flow of barium nitrate by metathesis method 6. ion exchange method: add barium sulfide solution to a cation exchange column with a jacket at 65 ℃ for exchange reaction. the effluent contains sodium sulfide, and then heat, concentrate and crystallize for recovery. When Ba2 + ions appear in the effluent (tested by K2CrO4 solution), sodium nitrate solution is used for leaching. The effluent is cooled, barium nitrate crystals are precipitated, and barium nitrate crystals are obtained by filtration. The filtrate is then concentrated to extract barium nitrate, and sodium nitrate can also be recovered. The process flow of producing barium nitrate by ion exchange method is shown in the following figure 2: fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of barium nitrate by ion exchange method. in fig. 2, 1: barium sulfide solution storage tank, 2: sodium nitrate solution storage tank, 3: hot water outlet, 4: hot water inlet, 5, 6: cation exchange resin, and the jacketed pipeline is maintained at a temperature of 60-80 "c during exchange and elution with hot water, the reaction equation of the laboratory test column with an inner diameter of 1.14cm and a height of 39.5cm, containing 25ml of wet resin, 7: pump, 8: sodium sulfide concentration crystallization reaction tank for exchange elution is as follows: during exchange, the ion exchange resin changes from sodium type to barium type 2R-SO3Na + BaS →(RSO3)2Ba + Na2S during leaching. The exchange resin changes from barium type to sodium type:(RSO3)2Ba +2NaNO3 → 2R-S03Na + Ba(NO3)2 |
| precautions | this product is toxic. Stimulating nerves, causing spasm, rats LD50355mg/kg orally. Should be kept in a cool place and sealed. |
| application | used to prepare barium oxide, fireworks (green flame), flares, optical glass, reagents, ceramic glazes, etc. Pharmaceutical raw materials; Raw materials for plane wave generators. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | dissolution grams per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 4.95g/0 ℃;6.67g/10 ℃;9.02g/20 ℃;11.5g/30 ℃;14.1g/40 ℃ 20.4g/60 ℃;27.2g/80 ℃;34.4g/100 ℃ |
| toxicity | often works in the air polluted by barium nitrate dust, which can cause chronic inflammation of the lungs and bronchi. Small doses have a stimulating effect on bone marrow, large doses can cause liver disease, spleen sclerosis. First aid measures such as gastric lavage, enema and emetic should be taken when poisoning. The maximum allowable concentration in the United States is 0.5 mg/m3. Attention should be paid to dust prevention and dust removal in the production process. Wear masks, gloves and work clothes to protect respirators and skin when working. The staff should be given health food. |
| Use | Used to make fireworks, fireworks, green fireworks, green flares, military ammunition, analytical reagents, tracer bullets, optical glass, pottery uranium medicine, Low temperature salt bath, barium salt raw materials. Used as analytical reagents and oxidants, and also used to make barium salts Used to produce barium oxide, barium peroxide and other barium salts, used to make optical glass, green fireworks, flares, explosives, ceramic glaze, etc. Used to make barium oxide, barium peroxide and other barium salts, and also used to make optical glass and pottery glaze. Can be used as explosives, green fireworks, signal bombs and tracer bombs. It can also be used in anti-corrosion, chemical reagents and medicine, and also in low-temperature salt baths for metal heat treatment. Qualitative of sulfuric acid and chromic acid. Industrial use for making barium compounds, optical glass, pottery glaze, explosives, green fireworks, signal bombs, tracer bombs, etc. |
| production method | nitric acid-barium carbonate method barium carbonate reacts with nitric acid, adds appropriate amount of caustic soda to remove ferric ions, then heats the solution to be clarified above 95 ℃, the clear liquid is cooled and crystallized, filtered (mother liquor is circulated), dried and crushed at 250 ℃ to obtain barium nitrate finished product. Its BaCO3 2HNO3 → Ba(NO3)2 H2O CO2 ↑ nitrate method uses ammonium nitrate and barium chloride as raw materials for reaction, and then the solution is cooled to 25 ℃ for crystallization, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the finished product of barium nitrate. Its BaCl2 2NH4NO3 → Ba(NO3)2 NH4Cl |
| category | oxidant |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | oral administration-rat LD50: 355 mg/kg; Abdominal cavity-mouse LD50: 293 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | skin-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours mild; Eye-rabbit 100 mg/24 hours moderate |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive in case of organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus and other flammable materials |
| flammability hazard characteristics | high heat decomposition of oxygen; Combustible combustion of organic matter, reducing agent, charcoal, sulfur, phosphorus and other flammable materials produces toxic nitrogen oxides and barium-containing compound smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation; Light loading and unloading; Store separately from organic matter, reducing agent, charcoal, sulfur and phosphorus flammable materials and food raw materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | mist water, sand, carbon dioxide |
| occupational standard | TWA 0.5 mg (barium)/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-25 11:57:18
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